in 1948 took place in particular the following events : Wiener lays the foundations for cyberneticsThe mathematician Norbert Wiener published in 1948 a resounding book titled, "Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine". For the first time, he defines cybernetics as a science of the mechanisms of communication and control in living beings, machines and organized systems. It is the measure of the information provided by a series of messages. This book has been very successful since its publication. It will be considered the reference in cybernetics GATT enters in effectThe General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade enters in effect. Signed on 30 October 1947 by twenty-three countries, its objective is to revive world trade by lowering and harmonizing tariff and quantitative tariff barriers. Thereafter, the GATT will be the subject of several multilateral negotiations, commonly called "rounds", while its members are more numerous. The main rounds of negotiations, such as the Kennedy Round or the Tokyo Round, will result in a drastic reduction of tariffs. Another, of paramount importance, is the Uruguay Round, which will focus on the areas of agriculture and services and, at the end of the discussions, will lead to the creation…
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